Beethoven Festival
A dominant seventh of F resolving onto an F major chord (a perfect cadence); a dominant seventh of C resolving onto an A minor chord (an interrupted cadence); a dominant seventh of G resolving onto a G major chord (another perfect cadence): thus begins Beethoven’s Symphony No. 1 in C major. The audience at that first performance on 2 April 1800 must have been puzzled, at least. Cadences traditionally conclude phrases, sentences, sections, movements; but Ludwig van Beethoven is using three of them in succession to introduce himself to the world as a symphonist. Moreover, the opening chord is already foreign to the key of C, and all chords feature the wind section of the orchestra, quietly supported by pizzicato strings, whose players take up their bows only upon reaching the G chord.
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